Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) and Prostate Cancer

• Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
  • Enlarged prostate → urethral constriction → urinary retention → ↑risk forUTI, hydronephrosis and hydroureter

• Prostate Cancer
  • Cancerous cells may metastasize to pelvis, bone, lymph nodes, and liver

• Increased Age
• Familial history
• African American heritage
• Increased intake of red meat
• Smoking

• Urine Symptoms -
  • Frequency
  • Urgency
  • ↓stream
  • Hesitancy
  • Nocturia,
  • Retention
• Sexual dysfunction
• Prostate cancer: ↑Prostatic specific antigen (PSA)
• Bony metastasis: Back/hip pain, ↓weight, fatigue, anemia, ↑alkaline phosphatase

• BPH:
  • Alpha-blockers (terazosin)
  • Antiandrogens (finasteride)
  • Heat or lasers
  • Surgery (Transurethral resection [TUR], suprapubic prostatectomy)

• Cancer:
  • Radical prostatectomy
  • Radiation therapy
  • Hormonal therapy (orchiectomy and estrogen)

• Monitor S&S, indwelling catheter care
• Postoperative Care:
  • Maintain traction on catheter balloon to ↓bleeding
  • Continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) via 3-way Foley to maintain patency
  • Discuss concerns about sexual dysfunction and urine dribbling